Through a series of long-range cohort studies involving large numbers of population based samples, we are following groups at risk for selected diseases. In one example, using what is called a "recurrent wave design," we follow populations of subjects at different ages, literally from in utero to old age, for 5-15 years to understand the natural history of the development of chronic respiratory diseases. These subjects are monitored for personal and environmental risk factors and for symptom and physiologic indications as well as disease follow-up to determine risk of morbidity and mortality from respiratory diseases. The second example is the Nurses' Health Study, a study of 121,000 middle-aged women followed thus far for 25 years with biennial questionnaires and disease follow-up to assess risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including reproductive organ cancers and other cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, eye diseases, fractures, and other chronic conditions. Other cohorts are also under investigation to assess air pollution health effects as well as occupational exposures.

Gertig DM, Hunter DJ, Cramer DW, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Hankinson SE. Prospective study of talc use and ovarian cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Feb 2;92(3):249-52. [abstract]

Cho E, Hankinson SE, Willlett WC, Stampfer MJ, Spiegelman D, Speizer FE, Rimm EB, Seddon JM. Prospective study of alcohol consumption and the risk of age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000 May;118(5):681-8. [abstract]

De Vivo I, Gertig DM, Nagase S, Hankinson SE, O’Brien R, Speizer FE, Parsons R, Hunter DJ. Novel germline mutations in the PTEN tumour suppressor gene found in women with multiple cancers. J Med Genet. 2000 May;37(5):336-41. [abstract]

Haiman CA, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, De Vivo I, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Hunter DJ. A tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in CYP19 and breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer. 2000 Jul 15;87(2):204-10. [abstract]

Hu FB, Willett WC, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH, Stampfer MJ. Snoring and risk of cardiovascular disease in women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Feb;35(2):308-13. [abstract]

Zhang SM, Hunter DJ, Rosner BA, Giovannucci EL, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. Intakes of fruits, vegetables, and related nutrients and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 May;9(5):477-85. [abstract]

Giovannucci E, Pollak MN, Platz EA, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Majeed N, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Hankinson SE. A prospective study of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 and binding protein-3 and risk of colorectal neoplasia in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Apr;9(4):345-9. [abstract]

Laden F, Neas LM, Tolbert PE, Holmes MD, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Speizer FE, Hunter DJ. Electric blanket use and breast cancer in the Nurses’ Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2000 Jul 1;152(1):41-9. [abstract]

Vollmer WM, Enright PL, Pedula KL, Speizer F, Kuller LH, Kiley J, Weinmann GG. Race and gender differences in the effects of smoking on lung function. Chest. 2000 Mar;117(3):764-72. [abstract]

Haiman CA, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Brown M, Hunter DJ. Polymorphic repeat in AlB1 does not alter breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res. 2000;2(5):378-85. Epub 2000 Jun 19. [abstract]

Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Grodstein F, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. Trends in the incidence of coronary heart disease and changes in diet and lifestyle in women. N Engl J Med. 2000 Aug 24;343(8):530-7. [abstract]

Larkin EK, Smith TJ, Stayner L, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Garshick E.. Diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer: adjustment for the effect of smoking in a retrospective cohort study. Am J Ind Med. 2000 Oct;38(4):399-409. [abstract]

Michels KB, Giovannucci E, Joshipura KJ, Rosner BA, Stampfer MJ, Fuchs CS, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and incidence of colon and rectal cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Nov 1;92(21):1740-52. Erratum in: J Natl Cancer Inst 2001 Jun 6;93(11):879. [abstract]

O’Connor GT, Sparrow D, Demolles D, Dockery D, Raizenne M, Fay M, Ingram, RH Jr., Speizer FE. Maximal and partial expiratory flow rates in a population sample of 10- to 11-yr-old schoolchildren. Effect of volume history and relation to asthma and maternal smoking. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Aug;162(2 Pt 1):436-9. [abstract]

Platz EA, Hankinson SE, Hollis BW, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Speizer FE, Giovannucci E. Plasma 1,25-dihydroxy- and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and adenomatous polyps of the distal colorectum. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Oct;9(10):1059-65. [abstract]

Van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun S-S, Adami H-O, Beeson L, Folsom AR, Fraser G, Goldbohm RA, Graham S, Kushi L, Marshall JR, Miler AB, Rohan T, Smith-Warner SA, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Wolk A, Hunter DJ. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000 Sep 15;152(6):514-27. [abstract]

Feskanich D, Ziegler RG, Michaud DS, Giovannucci EL, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of lung cancer among men and women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Nov 15;92(22):1812-23. [abstract]

Silverman EK, Weiss ST, Drazen JM, Chapman HA, Carey V, Campbell EJ, Denish P, Silverman RA, Celedon JC, Reilly JJ, Ginns LC, Speizer FE. Gender-related differences in severe, early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Dec;162(6):2152-8. [abstract]

Michaud DS, Feskanich D, rimm EB, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Giovannucci E. Intake of specific carotenoids and risk of lung cancer in 2 prospective US cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Oct;72(4):990-7. [abstract]

Grodstein F, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Stampfer MJ. A prospective, observational study of postmenopausal hormone therapy and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med. 2000 Dec 19;133(12):933-41. [abstract]

Chasan-Taber L, Willett WC, Seddon JM, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Hankinson SE. A prospective study of alcohol consumption and cataract extraction among U.S. women. Ann Epidemiol. 2000 Aug;10(6):347-53. [abstract]

Solomon CG, Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Manson JE. Moderate alcohol consumption and risk of coronary heart disease among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2000 Aug 1;102(5):494-9. [abstract]

Iso H, Rexrode KM, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH, Willett WC. Intake of fish and omega-3 fatty acids and risk of stroke in women. JAMA. 2001 Jan 17;285(3):304-12. [abstract]

Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Solomon C, Lui S, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Manson JE. Physical activity and risk for cardiovascular events in diabetic women. Ann Intern Med. 2001 Jan 16;134(2):96-105. [abstract]

Laden F, Hankinson SE, Wolff MS, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Hunter DJ. Plasma organochlorine levels and the risk of breast cancer: an extended follow-up in the Nurses' Health Study. Int J Cancer. 2001 Feb 15;91(4):568-74. [abstract]

Iso H, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Rexrode K, Hu FB, Hennekens CH, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. Prospective study of fat and protein intake and risk of intraparenchymal hemorrhage in women. Circulation. 2001 Feb 13;103(6):856-63. [abstract]

Karlson EW, Tanasijevic M, Hankinson SE, Liang MH, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Schur PH. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and exposure to breast implants. Arch Intern Med. 2001 Mar 26;161(6):864-7. [abstract]

Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, Adami HO, Beeson WL, van den Brandt PA, Folsom AR, Fraser GE, Freudenheim JL, Goldbohm RA, Graham S, Miller AB, Potter JD, Rohan TE, Speizer FE, Toniolo P, Willett WC, Wolk A, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Hunter DJ. Intake of fruits and vegtables and risk of breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. JAMA. 2001 Feb 14;285(6):769-76. [abstract]

Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Adami H-O, Beeson WL, van den Brandt PA, Folsom AR, Fraser GE, Freudenheim JL, Goldbohm RA, Graham S, Kushi LH, Miller AB, Rohan TE, Speizer FE, Toniolo P, Willett WC, Wolk A, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Hunter DJ. Types of dietary fat and breast cancer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. Int J Cancer. 2001 Jun 1;92(5):767-74. [abstract]

Hu FB, Hankinson SE, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH, Willett WC. Prospective study of cataract extraction and risk of coronary heart disease in women. Am J Epidemiol. 2001 May 1;153(9):875-81. [abstract]

Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Stampfer MJ. Twenty-four-hour urine chemistries and the risk of kidney stones among women and men. Kidney Int. 2001 Jun;59(6):2290-8. [abstract]

Zhang SM, Giovannucci EL, Hunter DJ, Rimm EB, Ascherio A, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, Willett WC. Vitamin supplement use and the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma among women and men. Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Jun 1;153(11):1056-63. [abstract]

Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Solomon CG, Liu S, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Nathan DM, Manson JE. The impact of diabetes mellitus on mortality from all causes and coronary heart disease in women: 20 years of follow-up. Arch Intern Med. 2001 Jul 23;161(14):1717-23. [abstract]

Barr RG, Wentowski CC, Grodstein F, Somers SC, Stampfer MJ, Schwartz J, Speizer FE, Camargo CA, Jr. Prospective study of postmenopausal hormone use and newly diagnosed asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med. 2004 Feb 23;164(4):379-86. [abstract]

Adamkiewicz G, Ebelt S, Syring M, Slater J, Speizer FE, Schwartz J, Suh H, Gold DR. Association between air pollution exposure and exhaled nitric oxide in an elderly population. Thorax. 2004 Mar;59(3):204-9. [abstract]

Bain C, Feskanich D, Speizer FE, Thun M, Hertzmark E, Rosner BA, Colditz GA. Lung cancer rates in men and women with comparable histories of smoking. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Jun 2;96(11):826-34. [abstract]

Cho E, Smith-Warner SA, Ritz J, van den Brandt PA, Colditz GA, Folsom AR, Reeundenheim JL, Giovannucci E, Goldbohm RA, Graham S, Holmberg L, Kim D, Malila N, Miller AB, Pietinen P, Rohan TE, Sellers TA, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Wolk A, Hunter DJ. Alcohol intake and colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 8 cohort studies. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Apr 20;140(8):603-13. [abstract]

Fairfield KM, Hunter DJ, Coldtiz GA, Fuchs CS, Cramer DW, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Hankinson SE. A prospective study of dietary lactose and ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jun 10;110(2):271-7. [abstract]

Barr RG, Wentowski CC, Curhan GC, Somers SC, Stampfer MJ, Schwartz J, Speizer FE, Camargo CA, Jr. Prospective study of acetaminophen use and newly diagnosed asthma among women. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Apr 1;169(7):836-41. Epub 2004 Jan 7. [abstract]

Hung H-C, Joshipura KJ, Colditz G, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Willett WC. The association between tooth loss and coronary heart disease in men and women. J Public Health Dent. 2004 Fall;64(4):209-15. [abstract]

Garshick E, Laden F, Hart JE, Rosner B, Smith TJ, Dockery DW, Speizer FE. Lung cancer in railroad workers exposed to diesel exhaust. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Nov;112(15):1539-43. [abstract]

Barger LK, Cade BE, Ayas NT, Cronin JW, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Czeisler CA, Harvard Work Hours, Health, and Safety Group. Extended work shifts and the risk of motor vehicle crashes among interns. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jan 13;352(2):125-34. [abstract]

Rich DQ, Schwartz J, Mittleman MA, Link M, Luttman-Gibson H, Catalano PJ, Speizer FE, Dockery DW. Association of short-term ambient air pollution concentrations and ventricular arrhythmias. Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Jun 15;161(12):1123-32. [abstract]

Flaherty KT, Fuchs CS, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Curhan GC. A prospective study of body mass index, hypertension, and smoking and the risk of renal cell carcinoma (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 2005 Nov;16(9):1099-106. [abstract]

Rich DQ, Mittleman MA, Link MS, Schwartz J, Luttmann-Gibson H, Catalano PJ, Speizer FE, Gold DR, Dockery DW. Increased risk of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes associated with acute increases in ambient air pollution. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Jan;114(1):120-3. [abstract]

Ayas NT, Barger LK, Cade Be, Hashimoto DM, Rosner B, Cronin JW, Speizer FE, Czeisler CA. Extended work duration and the risk of self-reported percutaneous injuries in interns. JAMA. 2006 Sep 6;296(9):1055-62. [abstract]